Adjustable ratchet-wrench.



Patented Aug. 8, I899. SAYERS.

RATCHETWRENCH.

T. P ADJUSTABLE plication No. 630,819. Patented Aug. 8, I899. T. P. SAYERS.

ADJUSTABLE RATGHET WRENCH.

(Application filed Nov. 1'7, 1898.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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UNrrn STATES THOMAS P. SAYERS, OF CAMBRIA, VYOMING, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO PETER ANDERSON, OF SAME PLACE.

ADJUSTABLE RATCHET-WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 630,819, dated August 8, 1899.

Application filed November 17,1898. S'erial No. 696,721. (No model.)

in MM who/1t it may concern.- Referring now more particularly to the Be it known that l, THOMAS P. SAYERS, a drawings, wherein like reference-letters descitizen of the United States, residing at Camignate corresponding, parts throughout the bria, in the county of YVeston and State of several views, A represents the handle of the 5 \Vyoming,have invented certain newand usewrench, which is enlarged at its inner end'to ful Improvements in Adjustable Ratchetform a head B, provided with a segmental re- \Vrenches; and I do hereby declare the folcess C at its outer end to receive the ratchetlowing to be a full, clear, and exact descripwheel D, and a chamber e communicating tion of the invention, such as will enable with said recess. Pivot-ally mounted in this 10 others skilled in the art to which it appertains chamber to move laterally of the head isa to make and use the same. pawl f, which is normally held projected to This invention relates to improvements in engage the periphery of the wheel by a plateratchet-wrenches; and it consists in certain springg. This recess and chamberare closed novel features of construction and combinaat top by a plate B, fastened in place by suitt5 tions of parts,as will be hereinafter more fully able clamping bolts or screws.

described, and particularly pointed out in the The ratchet-wheel D is provided, as usual, appended claims. with ratchet-teeth h around its periphery and The object of the invention is to provide a with grooves i in each side thereof, which ratchet-wrench which is simple and inexpenare engaged by opposing segmental fiangesj, 7o 20 sivein construction, efficientin operation,and formed on the inner sides of the bottom plate embodies improved means for reducing the of the head and detachable plate B. These size of the nut-receiving opening to adapt the grooves are circular in form, and hence the wrench for application to different-sized nuts, wheel is adapted to revolve freely in one diand, further, to provide such a wrench with rection on the flanges, but is held from re- 25 detachable side sockets, which increase the volving in the opposite direction by the pawl capacity of the wrench for receiving nuts of engaging said ratchet-teeth. An opening K difierent lengths and efiectively adapt the is formed in the center of the wheel for the same for operating close up to a railway-rail reception of a nut to be turned, and detachor other object to be bolted. ably secured upon opposite sides of the wheel 30 A further object is to provide in addition by means of screws or other suitable fastento these features a construction whereby the ing devices are sockets K, which are preferratchet-wheel may be operated in either diably employed alone forturning narrow nuts.

rection to apply or remove a nut, and pawls The openings in these socket-pieces are alined coacting therewith conveniently thrown into with the opening in the wheel and increase 35 and out of operation by merely turning a key the capacity of the wrench for receiving long in one direction or the other. nuts and afford a long bearing, so that the The invention is illustrated in the accomnuts may be easily turned. As the socketpanying drawings, in which pieces also project laterally, they adapt the Figure '1 is a side View of my improved wheel for working close up to a railway-rail o wrench, the top plate being removed to expose or other object being bolted, the wheel being the pawl. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional held clear of the object while the socket-piece view through the head and ratchet-wheel. is worked up close thereto to screw the nut Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view thereof. Fig. tightly home. Then either socket-piece is t is a detail perspective View of the adjustbroken or otherwise injured, it may be con- 5 able reducing plate and parts. Fig. 5 is a veniently detached and replaced.

similar view to Fig. 1, showing a construction In order to adapt the wrench for operating in which the ratchet-wheel is adapted to work nuts smaller than the nut-receiving opening in either direction. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional in the wheel, a reducer is provided for decreasview of the same. Fig. '7 is a detail perspecing the size of said opening. This reducer 50 tive view showing the two pawls. Fig. 8 is a consists of a clamping-plate L, arranged to similar view of the operating-key. bridge across the openings in the wheel and socket-pieces and provided with guide pins or lugs l to traverse grooves m, formed in the wheel. The plate is carried by a screw N,working in a threaded opening in the wheel, and this screw is adapted to be operated by a milled-edge nut O, occupying a slot extending transversely through the wheel and socketpieces,so that the clam pin g-plate may be readily and quickly adjusted from the exterior.

In the construction shown in Figs. 5 and 6 the ratchet-wheel is formed of two parts or sections D D bolted or otherwise rigidly united and provided with right and left ratchet-teeth 712 lbs. The chamber e in the head B is also enlarged to receive a pair of and the pawl f is engaged with the ratchetteeth 7L2. To operate the pawls, a key P is employed, which is journaled in the top and bottom plates of the head and provided at its outer end with a finger-piece 19. On the shank of the key are oppositely-projectin g bits q g, which are adapted to engage curved faces f formed on the inner sides of the pawls and terminating in shoulders f. The bits of the key are so arranged that when the bit q engages the shoulder and rides upon the said curved face of the pawl f the latter will be retracted against the tension of its spring, while the bit q will be out of contact with the pawl f, leaving the same free to be projected by its spring. The teeth of the pawls are oppositely arranged, the tooth of the pawl f being located in the top, and the tooth of the pawl 2 in the bottom, of the chamber 6', so as to provide pawls of maximum strength, as well as to avoid interference.

This invention is especially applicable.

opening thereinto and a segmental flange at the outer edge of the recess, a cover-plate closing the chamber and provided with a-similar segmental flange, a ratchet-wheel fitted in said recess and provided with annular grooves in opposite sides thereof to receive said segmental flanges and a nut-receiving opening, socket-pieces detachably secured to the sides of the wheel and having coinciding nut-receiving openings, pawl mechanism in the chamber of the head and adapted to engage the teeth of the wheel, a clamping-plate bridging across the openings in the wheel and socket-pieces so that the same may be used together or independently for receiving nuts of different sizes, a screw connected to the plate and working in a threaded opening in the wheel, and an ad justing-nut engaging the screw and occupying a transverse slot projecting through the head and both socketpieces, substantially as described.

2. A ratchet-wrench comprising in its construction a handle provided at one end thereof with a head havinga slot or recess therein with a communicating chamber and a segmental flange upon the outer end thereof, a detachable cover-plate closing the said slot and chamber at the top and provided with an opposing segmental flange, a ratchetwheel composed of two like parts rigidly connected and closely abutting against each other, said parts being provided with coinciding nut-receiving openings, annular grooves to receive said segmental flanges and reversely-projecting teeth, spring-actuated reversely-movable pawls in said chamber to engage said ratchet-teeth, a key for alternately operating the pawls, a socket-piece detachably secured to the outer face of each wheel part and having a coinciding nut-receiving opening, a'clamping-plate bridging across the openings in the wheel and socket-pieces so that the same may be used together or inde' pendently for receiving nuts of difierent sizes, a screw connected to the plate and working in a threaded opening in the wheel, and an adjusting-nut engaging the screw and occupying a transverse slot projecting through the head and both socket-pieces, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

THOMAS P. SAYERS. Witnesses:

ENOCH C. VANSTONE, WALTER SCHOONMAKER.

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